Which ICP-OES and ICP-MS instruments are available from Thermo Fisher Scientific?
<p>Thermo Fisher Scientific has over thirty years of experience in designing and manufacturing ICP systems. We offer both ICP-OES and ICP-MS products. Our ICPOES products offer both dedicated radial and dual radial/axial views. In our ICP-MS portfolio, we offer both single and triple quadrupole mass spectrometers together with high-resolution magnetic sector mass spectrometers:<br/>
- Thermo Scientific iCAP 7000 Plus ICP-OES Series (https://www.thermofisher.com/uk/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/trace-elemental-analysis/inductively-coupled-plasma-optical-emission-spectrometry-icp-oes.html)<br/>
- Thermo Scientific iCAP RQ ICP-MS (https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/IQLAAGGAAQFAQKMBIT)<br/>
- Thermo Scientific iCAP TQ ICP-MS (https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/731546)<br/>
- Thermo Scientific ELEMENT 2 High-Resolution ICP-MS Series (https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/IQLAAEGAAMFABWMAFB)<br/>
- Thermo Scientific ELEMENT XR High-Resolution ICP-MS (https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/IQLAAEGAAMFABWMAFB)<br/><br/>
The iCAP RQ ICP-MS (https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/IQLAAGGAAQFAQKMBIT) is the
recommended model for pharmaceutical elemental impurities.</p>
Will ICP-OES detection limits be capable of handling the 'big 4' in final product when the permitted daily exposure (PDE) is higher than 10 g·day-1?
<p>In general, ICP-OES is perfectly capable of achieving the required detection limits of USP chapter <232>. However, there can be two limiting factors: Due to the definition of PDE values for individual elements, the larger the daily dose is for a given drug product, the lower is the detection limit required. There are also ways to improve the detection capabilities of an ICP-OES in cases where more sensitivity is required, e.g., by means of a hydride generation system. Such a system can typically increase the detection sensitivity for e.g., Arsenic (As) and thus helps to still achieve the required detection limits.</p>
What effects may compromise my analysis results using ICP-OES or ICP-MS?
<p>Interferences are of most concern in ICP-MS. One can basically distinguish two types of interferences: spectral interferences and physical interferences. Mostly, polyatomic interferences are observed, but can mostly be efficiently suppressed by using an instrument equipped with a collision/reaction cell system.<br/><br/>
Other interferences observed are isobaric interferences, for example, caused by two elements present in a sample that have isotopes with a common mass number. Mathematical correction using another isotope of the interfering element and calculating the contribution to the signal by means of the isotopic abundance is a way to overcome these interferences.<br/><br/>
Doubly charged ions can interfere with some elements, especially if a high concentration of an element with a low 2nd ionization potential is present in a sample, e.g., samarium (Sm), a member of the rare earth elements, that would interfere with the detection of As at m/z 75.<br/><br/>
In addition, ionization effects may lead to false positives, for example, if carbon is present in a sample (e.g., after direct dissolution of a sugar containing product in water), As may show an elevated response. Microwave digested samples are normally not affected.</p>